Manually operated pressure intensifying means



Aug. 1949- H. J. \YNILLMOTT 2,478,553

MANUALLY OPERATED PRESSURE INTENSIFYING- MEANS Original Filed Aug. 4, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1 Fig. 3.

In vemor' fferbe lf J VVz'lZmott Aug. 9, 1949. H. J. WILLMOTi' 2,478,553

MANUALLY OPERATED PRESSURE INTENSIFYING MEANS.

Original Filed Aug. 4, 1943 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4/8 Fig. 2.

Patented Aug. 9, 1949 7 2,478,553 V OBERATE'D PRESSURE INTENSIFYING S Herbert Willmott, "Beverly, Ma;ss., assignor to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Fleming- 'ton,-N.,=a corporation ofNew Jersey Original application August 4, 194's, Serial No. gremrsqmw PatenftNo. 2,'3 7-9;944,-dated-July '10, "1945. Divided and this application December "(i-Claims. 1 This invention relates to :lmeehani'sm hywhich pressure may be ap'p'lied to Work, asgf'o'r"example, to retain it in place to receive theaction-of a tool. It is herein disclosed as embodied in a' drilling machine, where it clamps in place a shoe-heel in Which a plurality of passages are drilled simultaneously. This "machine-is as disclosed in the application-for Letters Patent filed *in my name in the United "States Patent omce en August 4, 1943 and bearing the -seri'al No. 137,415. Of said-application, which hasmature'd 'into-Lietters Patent of the United States I 1b.'--2;379,-944, grant'ed 'July 10,1945, the presenthase is a-hivision.

In the machine of the parent applic'ation, a

pressure device in the -fothi of a clamping-arm is successively moved b'y a 'force 'applied by the operator through atreadIe-into c'oritact with heels upon a support, in -preparation forftheoperating movement ofa gan'g of drills. The displacing force of the drills upon the work 'is too'gre'at to be resistedreadily'by the operatonand the present invention has asan obj-'etthe multiplication of the'force which-' the eperator nia'y'exertwithout undueeffort, this beihgwithout the introduction-of po'wer mechanism. In theattainment of this object, there is combined "with fa pressure device, a member, as "a treadle "movable by the operator, mechanical "means having elements through which'sai'd device may bebrought directly into contact with theworktoapply thereto preliminary pressure, andfi'uid pressure mechanism having elements otherthan those in'cluded in the mechanical means and movable relatively to eadh' treadle is also connected -tothe -cylinder. This,

cylinder is-movable-along 'a stationary head, "and through the-head thepistom-is movable. by'the treadle to create in ithe cylinder increased final pressure to be transmitted -to-the deviceh The head furnishes the sole guide-tor the cylinderand piston. V

In the --acoompanying"-"dr-avvlngs,

I Fig." l-shows frontmlevati'onea chine, with which is associated the pressure mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 isv a side elevation thereof; and

"Fig. 3, 'an enlarged sectional detailof the fluidpressure elements onthelineIIL-III .of Fig.2.

Upon a frame 52 is carried aholder Dby which the 'workfsuch as a heel, may be clamped to receive the action of drilling mechanism A in which drills 58am co'ntainedin .chuc'kslK. The chucks are rotatable on a 'reciprocatory slide '54, they being driven throu'gh's'haftsx from power mechanism B controlled by 'clutchmechani'sm'Q' The breast 'of the heel being operated upon rests on-a supporting bar 3860f the holderD,withthe edge-of its cup against "anabu'tment-pla'te 3%, through openings-in'which the drills pass. 'It'is centered upon the bar in the "correct relation to the plate-openings by fingers 398, 398, movable yieldably against *opposite sides of "the heel by connection to a'treadle' 362 fulcrumedat the bottom of theframe about a spindle'363. To resist the displacing forceof the drills, as they pass through the plate-and enter the heel, theholder D includes a pivoted arm-4l8 having'a fork 420-for' engagement with the back of theheeL-and exerting a :forceahaving components which both hold the heel upon thebar SBB-andagainst the'plate 390.

Tobring'the for-k 420 into'engagement with the heel and aply ithereto at least preliminary pressure, the treadle 362:is connected by a link 419 to the center 'ofr-a toggle-lever llll,-412, the link 412 being fulcrume'd ate relatively fixed point, and the link'4'l0 being joined to'an' arm 468 fast upon a'shaft' 460 rotatable in thefframe. :A second arm 462'is securedto the shaft, .andhasa roll 464 lying in a slot 466 in an arm 4 l6 fast upon a shaft 4 l 2. An arm 425 isfreeto turn about the shaft 2, and is joined bya torsion-spring-426 to the arm MB. A link 424 -joins thearm 425 to a projection 422 from the heel-clamping arm 8. "Depression of the tread1e'352 by the operator will straighten the toggle-lever 4'10, 412 to turn-the shaft 488, and throughthearms 46 2 clamped heel by the advancing drills 58'is'*com-' paratively great; the operator, toresistthis, might be called uponto apply to't'he"treadleiliZefiforce I too heavy to be exerted readily. *I-havathere- 3 fore, utilized the final movement of the treadle acting through hydraulic mechanism W to increase the pressure upon the work and give a final clamping effect. The generally horizontal arm 425 upon the shaft 412 is extended at 540 and divided to receive between its separated arms a cylinder 542 provided with a fluid containing cylindrical chamber the lower end of which is formed.

by a face or pressure area 543. Entering this cylinder from above is a tubular member 544,'which acts as a guide for the associated reciprocating elements and furnishes a head for the cylinder. The member 544 is supported upon the frame by a bracket 546, upon which it is pivoted. At its under side the member 544 has a cupped washer 548 for the retention below it in the cylinder of a body of oil or other fluid, and through the bottom of its reduced stem 549 into the cylinder are opposite openings 550, 550.

Beside the treadle 362, turning about the spindle 343, is a transmitting arm 552. Rising from this arm is a yoke 554 having depending from its upper cross-arm 556 a rod 558, which fits within the tubular stem 549 of the member 544 and furnishes the active piston of the mechanism. This piston has a face or cross-sectional pressure area 553 substantially less than that of the cylinder 542. The arm 552 is held up normally by a tension-spring 564 to a point determined by a stopscrew 556, threaded vertically through it and contacting with a portion of the frame. At'this time, the lower end of the rod 558 is just above the stem-openings 550. Pivoted to the arm 552 is a link 568, at the upper end of which is a vertical slot 570. This receives a lateral projection 512 from an arm 574 fast upon the shaft 440 with the arms 462 and 458.

With a heel in place on the breast-bar 386, the operator depresses the treadle, causing the movement of the centering members 398 and the clamping member 4l8 into engagement with the heel. As the cylinder 542 is lowered in consequence of the treadle-depression, the contained oil passes idly through the openings 554 in .the stem 549. When preliminary pressure has thus been applied to the heel, the torsion-spring 426 yields to permit the continued motion of the treadle, though that of the rod 424; which actuates the member 4 l 8, has stopped. As the togglelever ilil, 412 is being straightened by the continuing depression of the treadle, the shaft 460 is turned clockwise, lowering the arm 514 and shifting the projection 512 idly along the slot 510 in the link 568. Just before the movement of an arm 490 on the shaft 460 causes, through a link 492,

the tripping of the clutch of mechanism C to produce the action of the drills upon the heel, the projection reaches the lower extremity of the slot. This depresses the link 558, and therefore the arm 552, yoke 554 and piston 558. This at once closes the openings 550 and, until the completion of the treadle-depression, the piston acts to compress the oil in the lower portion of the cylinder 542. Because of the ratio of the areas of the rod and cylinder, the force exerted upon the treadle is greatly multiplied, and this is transmitted throughthe'cylinder and the link 424 to the arm M8 to apply an adequate clamping force to the heel with relatively little effort on the part of the operator.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United .States is:

1. In combination with a movable device for applying pressure to a work piece, a manually operated member, means comprising a series of elements successively linked to one another and constructed and arranged yieldingly to connect said member to said device to cause the device to be forced with yielding preliminary pressure against said work piece in response to movement of said member, relatively movable parts forming a chamber constructed and arranged to house a fluid, one of ,said parts being yieldingly connected through elements of said means to the manually operated member and also being connected through elements of said means to said device and having a face against which said fluid under pressure may exert force, and transmitting mechanism operatively connected to a second of said parts, said second part having a face which is considerably smaller than said face of said one part and is constructed and arranged to be moved against the fluid in said chamber by said transmitting mechanism upon continued movement of the manually operated member thereby raising the pressure of the fluid in said chamber and applying through said one part a heavy flnal pressure to the device.

2. In combination with a movable device for applying pressure to a work piece, a manually operated member, means comprising a series of elements successively linked to one another and constructed and arranged yieldingly to connect said member to said device to cause said device to be forced with yielding preliminary pressure against the work piece in response to movement of said member, relatively movable parts, comprising a cylinder and a piston, constructed and ar-- ranged to house a fluid, said cylinder being yieldingly connected through elements of said means to the manually operated member and also being connected through elements of said means to said device and having a face against which said fluid under pressure may exert force, and transmitting mechanism operatively connected to said piston, said piston having a face which is considerably smaller than that of the cylinder and is constructed. andarranged to be moved against the fluid in said cylinder by said transmitting mechanism upon continued movement of the manually operated member beyond its position in which the work piece is preliminarily clamped thereby raising the pressure of said fluid in said cylinder and through said cylinder actuating said device to apply a heavy final pressure to said work piece.

'3. The combination with a movable device through which pressure may be applied, of a treadle movable by the operator, means connecting the treadle yieldably to the device and permitting continued movement of said treadle after contact of the device with the work, a fluid containing cylinder which is operatively connected to the device for movement in a predetermined direction and has a relatively large face against which fluid pressure is applied for moving said cylinder in said direction, a stationary head for the cylinder, and a piston having a relatively small fluid engaging face movable through the head by the treadle to create pressure in the cylinder to be transmitted thereby to the device, the head furnishing the sole guide for the cylinder and piston in their movement.

- 4. The combination with a movable device through which pressure may be applied, of a treadle movable by the operator, a transmitting arm movable by the treadle, a shaft provided with a plurality of arms, means for connecting one of the shaft-arms yieldably to the device, means connecting another of the shaft-arms to the transmitting arm, a fluid containing cylinder which is movable with the device and has an eifective pressure area, and a piston which is movable in the cylinder by the transmitting arm and has an effective pressure area considerably less than that of the cylinder.

5. The combination with a frame, of a pressure device and a treadle movable thereon, a fluid containing cylinder which is connected to the pressure device and has an effective pressure area, a tubular head carried by the frame, said head being arranged within the cylinder and the cylinder being movable along it, a piston which is movable in the head and which has an effective pressure area considerably less than that of the cylinder, and means for connecting the pressure device to the treadle for movement thereby and including means to permit the piston to remain at rest and thereafter to move said piston.

6. The combination with a frame, of a pressure device and a treadle movable thereon, a fluid con- 7 taining cylinder which is connected to the pressure device and has an effective pressure area, a tubular head which is carried by the frame is arranged within the cylinder and serves as a guide along which said cylinder may move, there being an opening in the head through which fluid may flow during movement of the cylinder, a piston movable in the tubular head and closing the headopening in its initial movement, said piston having an effective pressure area considerably less than that of the cylinder, and means for connecting the pressure device to the treadle for move: ment thereby and including means to permit the piston to remain at rest and thereafter to move said piston to cause fluid pressure in said cylinder to increase thereby moving said cylinder and accordingly said pressure device.

HERBERT J. WILLMOTT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 260,337 Vanduzen June 27, 1882 769,181 Philipp Sept. 6, 1904 1,510,725 Waream Oct. 7, 1924 1,513,564 Smith Oct. 28, 1924 1,560,886 Waream Nov. 10, 1925 1,659,157 Prouty 1 Feb. 14, 1928 Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,478,553 7 August 9, 1949 HERBERT J. WILLMOTT It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 3, line 27, before the word cylinder insert face 543 of the and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same rnay conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. Signed and sealed this 21st day of March, A. D. 1950.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents. 

